Herzog August Library, Wolfenbüttel, Germany.

The library in Wolfenbüttel was set up by Duke Julius in 1572. By 1666, under the scholarly book collector Duke August, it had become one of Europe’s largest libraries, with some 135,000 volumes on a very wide variety of subjects, ranging from astronomy to rhetoric and from history to physics. At that time, it was even said to be the eighth wonder of the world.